Hammurabi (and the Babylonians) Rise: 1790 BC
Hammurabi, the first king of the Babylonian empire, was most famous for creating the first written set of laws. He compiled all the guidelines and laws of his days into a code consisting of 282 articles.
The decoration on top of Hammurabi's code.
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Image courtesy of http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Milkau_Oberer_Teil_der_Stele_mit_dem_Text_von_Hammurapis_Gesetzescode_369-2.jpg